If you have sensitive skin, you know the symptoms: stinging, itching or burning at various times and locations on your body, as well as visible skin issues such as redness, dryness, bumps, hives, scaling, or peeling. The causes of these ailments may seem mysterious, and you may ask yourself, “Why me? Why am I being singled out for this misery?”

In fact, millions of people have sensitive skin. The term most often refers to a form of irritant contact dermatitis, which is an inflammatory response of the skin to an external agent or force. Causes often include chemicals found in the environment; factors such as heat, cold, or low humidity; and even ultraviolet light. These may be exacerbated by allergies or an overactive immune system response. There are also mechanical factors such as pressure, friction, occlusion, and vibration.

Caring for sensitive skin requires a gentle approach and careful selection of products and routines. In no particular order, here are the top 10 tips for taking care of sensitive skin:

1.Choose gentle, fragrance-free products. Fragrances and harsh chemicals can irritate sensitive skin. Look for skincare products labeled as hypoallergenic, fragrance-free, and designed for sensitive skin.

2.Perform a patch test. Before using a new skincare product, do a patch test on a small area of your skin, like your wrist or behind your ear, to see if there is any reaction. This can help avoid full-face irritation.

3.Use mild, non-soap cleansers. Opt for gentle, non-foaming cleansers that don’t strip the skin of its natural oils. Avoid using hot water, as it can dry out and irritate the skin.

4.Moisturize regularly. Sensitive skin tends to lose moisture easily, so use a gentle, hydrating moisturizer to help maintain the skin’s barrier. Look for ingredients like ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and glycerin.

5.Avoid over-exfoliating. Exfoliating can be harsh on sensitive skin, so limit exfoliation to once a week using a gentle exfoliant. Avoid physical scrubs with large, rough particles.

6.Protect against the sun. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 every day, even on cloudy days. Look for mineral-based sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which are less likely to irritate sensitive skin. When you go out in the sun, be sure to wear a broad-brimmed hat and loose, comfortable clothing.

7.Stay hydrated. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your skin hydrated from the inside out. Hydrated skin is less likely to become dry and irritated.

8.Use fragrance-free and dye-free laundry detergents. Residual chemicals from detergents can irritate sensitive skin. Try using the new “detergent sheets,” which dispense with the big plastic bottle that must be recycled.

9.Avoid stress and get enough sleep. Stress and lack of sleep can trigger skin sensitivities and flare-ups. Practice relaxation techniques and aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night. Sleep in a cool, dark room, and leave your digital electronics outside.

10.Seek Professional advice. If you’re unsure about how to care for your sensitive skin or experience persistent irritation, consult a dermatologist. He or she can provide personalized recommendations and treatments.